Journal: Advances in Radiation Oncology

Article Title: Kupffer Cell-Derived Interleukin-6 Aggravates Radiation-Induced Liver Disease by Activating Hepatocyte STAT3 to Promote Ccng1 Transcription

doi: 10.1016/j.adro.2026.102003

Figure Lengend Snippet: Single-cell RNA sequencing (ScRNA-seq) analysis reveals interleukin (IL)-6 serves as a key cytokine derived from Kuppfer cells (KCs) in radiation-induced liver disease (RILD). (A) Uniform manifold approximation and projection (UMAP) projection of cells from rat livers in the sham-irradiation (IR) (Ctrl) group and IR group integrated into 30 clusters (n = 3). The cells are colored according to the assigned cluster (middle). (Right) UMAP projection showing cluster composition according to cell origin in the liver. (B) Dot plot depicting integrated Ctrl-IR clusters according to liver cell type-specific marker expression. (C) Relative proportion of each cell subtype in the Ctrl and IR groups as indicated. (D) Relative proportion of each KC cluster in the Ctrl and IR groups as indicated. (E) The top 10 significant characteristic genes of Kupffer_0 are listed. (F) Violin plots showing the expression levels of 3 characteristic genes ( Rsrp1, Rgs1 , and Il6 ) of Kupffer_0 across all major liver cell types in the Ctrl and IR groups. (G) Violin plots depicting the expression of Rsrp1, Rgs1 , and Il6 in distinct KC subtypes. (H) Signaling pathway enrichment in intrahepatic cell-cell interactions between KCs and other intrahepatic cell types (Ctrl vs IR groups in RILD models). NES (red = higher enrichment). Student’s t test; *, P < .05; ⁎⁎ , P < .01; ⁎⁎⁎ , P < .001.

Article Snippet: Either a rat interleukin (IL)-6 antibody (anti-IL-6; R&D Systems, #AF506) or soluble rat gp130 Fc chimera protein (sgp130Fc; R&D Systems, #5029-RG-100) was intraperitoneally injected twice weekly at concentrations of 16.7 μg/kg and 0.5 mg/kg, respectively.

Techniques: Single Cell, RNA Sequencing, Derivative Assay, Irradiation, Marker, Expressing

Journal: Advances in Radiation Oncology

Article Title: Kupffer Cell-Derived Interleukin-6 Aggravates Radiation-Induced Liver Disease by Activating Hepatocyte STAT3 to Promote Ccng1 Transcription

doi: 10.1016/j.adro.2026.102003

Figure Lengend Snippet: Blockade of classical IL-6 signaling alleviates radiation-induced liver disease (RILD) in rats. (A) Quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analysis of interleukin (IL)-6 protein concentrations in peripheral serum and liver homogenates from Ctrl and irradiation (IR) rats (n = 5). (B) Quantitative ELISA analysis of serum liver enzymes in Ctrl rats or IR rats treated with placebo, anti-IL-6, or sgp130Fc (n = 5). (C) Hematoxylin–eosin (H&E) staining of rat livers. (D) F4/80 staining (red) showing Kupffer cell infiltration in rat livers. (E) Myeloperoxidase (MPO) staining (red) revealed neutrophil infiltration in the rat liver. (F) Costaining of CD31 (red), HNF4α (blue), and TUNEL (green) in rat livers. Student’s t test or analysis of variance (ANOVA); ⁎⁎⁎ , P < .001; ns, nonsignificant.

Article Snippet: Either a rat interleukin (IL)-6 antibody (anti-IL-6; R&D Systems, #AF506) or soluble rat gp130 Fc chimera protein (sgp130Fc; R&D Systems, #5029-RG-100) was intraperitoneally injected twice weekly at concentrations of 16.7 μg/kg and 0.5 mg/kg, respectively.

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Irradiation, Staining, TUNEL Assay

Journal: Advances in Radiation Oncology

Article Title: Kupffer Cell-Derived Interleukin-6 Aggravates Radiation-Induced Liver Disease by Activating Hepatocyte STAT3 to Promote Ccng1 Transcription

doi: 10.1016/j.adro.2026.102003

Figure Lengend Snippet: Role of the JAK–STAT signaling pathway in hepatocytes during radiation-induced liver disease (RILD). (A) Volcano plot of differential gene expression analysis in hepatocytes after irradiation (IR). Red and blue indicate upregulated and downregulated genes, respectively. The dotted horizontal line represents a P value of 0.05. The dotted vertical lines represent a log2-fold change of 1.5 or −1.5. (Right) Bubble chart depicting the top 5 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG)-enriched pathways corresponding to down/upregulated genes in hepatocytes after IR (screening the pathways and sorting them from large to small according to the −log 10 P value). (B) Western blot analysis showing p-STAT3 and GAPDH expression in primary hepatocytes isolated from Ctrl rats or IR rats treated with placebo, anti-interleukin (IL)-6, or sgp130Fc (n = 5). (C) Western blot analysis showing p-STAT3 and GAPDH expression in primary hepatocytes isolated from IR rats treated with placebo, ruxolitinib (RUX), or tofacitinib (TOF) (n = 5). (D) Quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analysis of serum liver enzymes in IR rats treated with placebo, RUX, or TOF (n = 5). (E) Hematoxylin–eosin (H&E) staining of the livers of IR rats treated with placebo, RUX, or TOF (n = 5). (F) Costaining of HNF4α (red) and TUNEL (green) in the livers of IR rats treated with placebo, RUX, or TOF (n = 5). (G) Overlap of p-STAT3-binding genes identified using ChIP-Seq with upregulated genes ( P < .05 and log2-fold change > 2) in hepatocytes identified using scRNA-seq. (H) Violin plots showing the expression levels of overlapping genes identified using scRNA-seq. (I) qRT‒PCR analysis of overlapping genes in isolated primary hepatocytes from IR rats treated with placebo, RUX, or TOF (n = 5). Analysis of variance (ANOVA); *, P < .05; ⁎⁎ , P < .01; ⁎⁎⁎ , P < .001; ns, nonsignificant.

Article Snippet: Either a rat interleukin (IL)-6 antibody (anti-IL-6; R&D Systems, #AF506) or soluble rat gp130 Fc chimera protein (sgp130Fc; R&D Systems, #5029-RG-100) was intraperitoneally injected twice weekly at concentrations of 16.7 μg/kg and 0.5 mg/kg, respectively.

Techniques: Gene Expression, Irradiation, Western Blot, Expressing, Isolation, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Staining, TUNEL Assay, Binding Assay, ChIP-sequencing

Journal: Advances in Radiation Oncology

Article Title: Kupffer Cell-Derived Interleukin-6 Aggravates Radiation-Induced Liver Disease by Activating Hepatocyte STAT3 to Promote Ccng1 Transcription

doi: 10.1016/j.adro.2026.102003

Figure Lengend Snippet: Role of CCNG1 in radiation-induced hepatocyte damage. (A) BRL-3A cells were transfected with empty vector or siCcng1, cultured with or without exogenous interleukin (IL)-6, and then irradiated with a single 10-Gy electron beam. Four hours after irradiation (IR), the apoptotic rate and cell cycle distribution were detected using flow cytometry. (B) Western blot analysis showing CCNG1, γH2AX, TP53, and GAPDH in BRL-3A cells in these 4 groups. (C) Changes in γH2AX and GAPDH in BRL-3A cells transfected with empty vector or siCcng1 at various time points after a single 10-Gy electron beam IR. (D) Western blot analysis showing CCNG1, γH2AX, and GAPDH expression in BRL-3A cells transfected with empty vector or siTp53 and cultured with or without exogenous IL-6 4 hours after a single 10-Gy electron beam IR. (E) Western blot analysis showing CCNG1, γH2AX, TP53, and GAPDH expression in primary hepatocytes isolated from IR rats treated with placebo, RUX, or TOF (n = 5). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) or Student’s t test; *, P < .05; ⁎⁎ , P < .01; ⁎⁎⁎ , P < .001; ns, nonsignificant.

Article Snippet: Either a rat interleukin (IL)-6 antibody (anti-IL-6; R&D Systems, #AF506) or soluble rat gp130 Fc chimera protein (sgp130Fc; R&D Systems, #5029-RG-100) was intraperitoneally injected twice weekly at concentrations of 16.7 μg/kg and 0.5 mg/kg, respectively.

Techniques: Transfection, Plasmid Preparation, Cell Culture, Irradiation, Flow Cytometry, Western Blot, Expressing, Isolation

Journal: Advances in Radiation Oncology

Article Title: Kupffer Cell-Derived Interleukin-6 Aggravates Radiation-Induced Liver Disease by Activating Hepatocyte STAT3 to Promote Ccng1 Transcription

doi: 10.1016/j.adro.2026.102003

Figure Lengend Snippet: Schematic of the Kuppfer cell (KC)-hepatocyte crosstalk mechanism in RILD. Irradiation (IR) stimulates KCs to secrete IL-6, which binds to the IL-6R/gp130 complex on hepatocytes to activate JAK; phosphorylated JAK induces STAT3 phosphorylation, and nuclear-translocated p-STAT3 binds to the Ccng1 promoter to promote its transcription; CCNG1 then regulates MDM2 to mediate ubiquitination-dependent TP53 proteolysis, ultimately enhancing hepatocyte apoptosis and driving radiation-induced liver disease (RILD) progression.

Article Snippet: Either a rat interleukin (IL)-6 antibody (anti-IL-6; R&D Systems, #AF506) or soluble rat gp130 Fc chimera protein (sgp130Fc; R&D Systems, #5029-RG-100) was intraperitoneally injected twice weekly at concentrations of 16.7 μg/kg and 0.5 mg/kg, respectively.

Techniques: Irradiation, Phospho-proteomics, Ubiquitin Proteomics

Journal: Small Science

Article Title: Bimetallic Nanozymes/Polypyrrole/Methylene Blue Platform for Photothermal and Catalytic Biofilm Disruption and Angiogenesis Enhancement in Diabetic Wound Healing

doi: 10.1002/smsc.202500445

Figure Lengend Snippet: Immunofluorescence staining of various markers involved in diabetic wound tissue healing after treatment with CeZn NFs, CeZn@PPY NFs, CeZn@PPY@MB NFs, and free MB, without and with NIR irradiation (808 nm, 1 W cm −2 , 5 min), compared to PBS (pH 7.4) treated control, on day 14. A) IL‐1β expression. B) IL‐6 expression. C) IL‐8 expression. D) TNF‐α expression. E) CD‐44 expression. F) Ki‐67 expression. G) Relative quantitative IL‐1β expression. H) Relative quantitative IL‐6 expression. I) Relative quantitative IL‐8 expression. J) Relative quantitative TNF‐α expression. K) Relative quantitative CD‐44 expression. L) Relative quantitative Ki‐67 expression. Scale bars are 100 μm. Data are represented as the mean ± SD, ( n = 3) (* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001).

Article Snippet: Interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) antibody (D5W4V), IL‐8 antibody (E5F5Q), IL‐1β antibody (D3H1Z), TNF α antibody (D2D4), Ki‐67 antibody (D2H10), and CD44 antibody (E7K2Y) were procured from Cell Signaling Technology (CST, USA).

Techniques: Immunofluorescence, Staining, Irradiation, Control, Expressing